High-tension vapor-converter.



F. H.-VON KELLER.

HIGH TENSION VAPOR CONVERTER.

APPLIOATION FILED DEG. 5,1906.

1,1 10,630. Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

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HIGH TENSION VAPOR CONVERTER. v

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 5, 1905'.

1,110,630, Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

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" Specification of-Letters Patent,

Paten d Sept. 15, 1914..

Application nla ew .m 5.19%., seam. 220.352

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in High- Tension Vapor-Converters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to means whereby vapor converters may be so con: structed as to be adapted for transmitting current to high potential direct current translating devices without. dang injuriously affected by short-circuits within the apparatus. I am aware that it has; been proposed to provide against such injurious short-circuiting by arrangingthe several electrodes of a vapor converter in chambers having openings which are directed away from each other. The theory upon. which this construction is based is that the shortcircuiting which does frequently take place in the unprotected vapor converters, especially when transmitting currents of high potential, is due to the direction of a certain amount of vapor discharged from one electrode and received or accumulated by another electrode during a time when the latter is acting momentarily as a negative electrode with relation to the former, it being known, moreover, that the fundamental theory of electro-statics requires charged particles attracted by an electric charge to pass in straight lines toward the charge, unless disturbing conditions are present. It has been thought that the danger of shortcircuiting in vapor converters might be avoided by interposing in the direct line between any two electrodes in the apparatus an obstructing wall, as of a chamber partially inclosing one or more of the electrodes.

The object of the present invention is to improve upon the construction proposed as above referred to, by increasing the indirectness of the flow of particles between an'yItwo t is found that the question of' the breaking down of either electrode through short-circuiting depends not so much upon the relative proximity of this electrode to another as upon the question whether or not the particles attracted by the said electrode are able to pass thereto through a direct or an indirect path. 1 have myself discovered, for

xample, that without changing the relative P n ot the ele trodes in a vapor conerter, I can. by interposing obstructions in different ways between the said electrodes, vary between wide limits the v ltage re- .quired to pre ip ate a h rtir uit.

My m tiq is l ustrated in the accom- P nyms drawings, n which Figure 1,2, 3 and 4; a e. eleva ions, partly a se i n, lllustr ine four difiereat emod men s of he present inv nt n. Referring to the first figure of the drawmg, 1 is the cont iner f a vap r con erter, 2 and a the ma n positi e ele tr des thereof; the same eing gene a ly of ir n or s e th r suitable so d. materi and 4; i he mam negati lectrode, sually of merrr A upple en al po it ve name, also c mm nly of mercury is provide in a par te p ck t at hamber, 'thc mments so far named are, not unusual, in vapor con e ters rc -her orms f.- var r eraratus. The novelty appearing in Fig. 1 is that. h eby the electrodes 2. an 3. and the ma n negative electrode 4 are so protected from any direct discharge between any two of the electrodesthat particles seeking one or the other electrode from any given electrode would have to pass through acourse involving at least two deflections or changes of direction. This results from the construction of the tubular chambers, 7 and 8, surrounding the electrodes 2 and 3, respectively. In the .case of a discharge from either of the main positive electrodes to the other, ,the number of turns or changes of direction is at least five.

- In Fig. 2 I show similar electrodes 2, 3 and 4, the latterbeing surrounded by a startingband, 9, which is connected to the leadwire, 10,.extending to the electrode 3.

The two devices illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 incidentally embody difierent methods of seen that they are efiective in instituting indirect direction of discharged articles from any one electrode to any ot er electrode inside the converter.

Still another embodiment of the inven-.

A further embodiment of the apparatus is illustrated in Fig. 4 which explains itselfg it being only necessary; to say that th electrodes 2 and 3 are mounted in extensions 14 and 15 as in Fig. 3 and that the possible paths of flow of particles between any two electrodes require a plurality of turns or changes of direction.

In the drawings I have illustrated only two positive electrodes in 'each container protected according to my invention for use upon high voltage or other circuits, but I Wish it understood that my invention is applicable to any number of protected electrodes suitable forconnection to a source of any number of phases having an appropriate number of-terminals.

The electrode, 13, is shown in Fig. 3 as His, of course, understood that the tubular parts, 7 and 8, inside the container are not essential to the apparatus in order to make it perform the functions ascribed to it in this ecification. It is only necessary that prov1sion be made either inside or outside the container for protecting the several electrodes in the manner and to the extent described herein, as will be more particularly pointed out in the claim which follows. g I claim as my invention In a vapor electric apparatus, the combination of an inclosing chamber, a negative electrode, a plurality of positive electrodes, tubular inclosing chambers for the positive electrodes having their orifices directed away from each other within the chamber, the portions of the tubes surrounding the electrodes being of greater cross section than the remaining portions of the tube.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, this 29th day of November, A. D. 1905. FREDERICK H. VON KELLER.

Witnesses:

WM. H. CAPEL, GEORGE E. STooKBmnoE. 

